PRRS – Swine in Minnesota

Predicting the monthly risk of PRRS in Minnesota counties using past MSHMP surveillance data

This is our Friday rubric: every week a new Science Page from the Bob Morrison’s Swine Health Monitoring Project. The previous editions of the science page are available on our website.

This week, we are sharing a report from recent PhD graduate Kaushi Kanankege about predicting the monthly risk of PRRS.

Key points

High risk of PRRS occurrence was observed in counties where >25% of MSHMP farms were fully or partially air-filtered, have high number of hog farms, and have farms belonged to multiple production systems.
PRRS occurrence association with air filters may be due to attempts to mitigate risk in prevalent areas.
Further research is required to understand the space-time association of the windborne local spread of the virus and the installation of air filters.

Understanding PRRSV Infection Dynamics in Growing Pigs in Control and Elimination Programs

This is our Friday rubric: every week a new Science Page from the Bob Morrison’s Swine Health Monitoring Project. The previous editions of the science page are available on our website.

This week we are sharing a report by Dr. Jose Angulo regarding PRRS infection dynamics in growing pigs.

Key Points

Growing pigs play an important role in regional PRRSV spread.
There was an association between prevalence of PRRSV infection in growing pig sites and risk of outbreaks in sow farms.
Learning about PRRSV infection dynamics in growing pigs and associated risk factors should help manage pig flows to minimize PRRSV incidence and /or risk of dissemination.

Assessing internal personnel movements in swine farms to help direct PRRS control and elimination efforts

This is our Friday rubric: every week a new Science Page from the Bob Morrison’s Swine Health Monitoring Project. The previous editions of the science page are available on our website.

This week, we are sharing the preliminary results of a study conducted by Dr. Andreia Arruda at Ohio State University.

Key points

Newly developed beacon-sensing technology can be used to better understand within-farm people movement; and particularly better quantify potentially “risky” movements in PRRS positive herds during control/ elimination efforts.
Preliminary data analysis showed that an increase in commonly referred to “risky” movements (e.g. from loading areas/ nurseries to other parts of the farm) was associated with a decrease in number of pigs weaned per sow; and an increase in pre-weaning mortality.

Project Invitation: Assessing within-herd PRRS variability and its impact on production parameters

This is our Friday rubric: every week a new Science Page from the Bob Morrison’s Swine Health Monitoring Project. The previous editions of the science page are available on our website.

This week, Dr. Arruda and her numerous collaborators invite you to participate in a project.

We know that PRRS virus mutates and evolves quickly. We know there can be co-circulation of PRRS variants in a herd, and even within a single animal. We don’t know whether that can impact health and production. We don’t know how that affects the way we are currently sampling and assessing virus similarity within herds over time.

Project main goal:

This project aims to examine within-herd PRRSV variability over time for sow and growing pig sites under different PRRS immunity strategies (vaccinated, negative and positive herds), and investigate the association between within-herd PRRS variability and health and production parameters of interest to swine producers. We partnered up collaborators with a wide range of expertise to use whole genome sequencing (WGS) to provide insights on the likelihood of PRRS outbreaks

Objective 1:

Describe PRRSV quasispecies within farms using a sample of farms of different demographic types and PRRS management strategies over a one-year time span; and investigate whether PRRSV variability has an impact on health and production outcomes.

Objective 2:

Investigate and compare the use of WGS and different ORFs to determine the best predictor to identify and relate viruses within swine herds.

Objective 3:

Correlate PRRSV variants with production and disease metrics being due to “normal” within-herd virus evolution, vs. new PRRS introductions. And we will also look into the effect of PRRSv variants in production

Request:

We are looking to enroll 6 farms for this project, that has a duration of 1 year:

3 breeding herds (farrow-wean):

1 “naïve” herd (no PRRS for at least last 2 years) that just had an outbreak (farm will be enrolled as a new outbreak happens)
1 “vaccinated” herd (a herd that had a PRRS outbreak and has been vaccinated since then at least twice a year with a MLV)
1 “naturally exposed” herd (a herd that had an outbreak in the past year but is no longer exposing or vaccinating animals (herd will be still eligible if gilts are exposed off site and brought in after testing negative)

3 growing pig herds (finisher or wean-finish):

1 “naïve” herd (no PRRS for at least last 2 years) that just had an outbreak (farm will be enrolled as a new outbreak happens)
1 “vaccinated” herd (a herd that vaccinates each batch of animals using a MLV)
1 “positive” herd (a herd that had an outbreak in the past and is regularly exposed to live virus or a herd that is receiving known positive pigs from a positive source.

We would work with your veterinarian and your team to coordinate the submission of ~16 samples total in a monthly basis for 1 year (12 samplings). These samples will include a combination of processing fluids, oral fluids, and tonsil scrapings. All samples will be sent to the University of Minnesota monthly. Diagnostics is paid. Also, sharing production data will be a requirement.

Best of Leman 2018 series #3: J.Angulo – Understanding PRRSV infection dynamics in growing pigs in control and elimination programs

We launched a new series on the blog last year. Once a month, we are sharing with you a presentation given at the Allen D. Leman swine conference, on topics that the swine group found interesting, innovative or that lead to great discussions.

We can find all of the presentations selected from last year’s conference on the blog here.

Our third presentation for this year is from Dr. Jose Angulo from Zoetis and Dr. Paul Yeske from Swine Vet Center regarding PRRS infection dynamics in growing pigs.

Click on the image below to see his presentation at the conference: